The socialist conception of freedom is closely related to the socialist view of creativity and individuality. Influenced by Karl Marx 's concept of alienated labor, socialists understand freedom to be the ability for an individual to engage in creative work in the absence of alienation, where "alienated labor" refers to work people are forced to perform and un-alienated work refers to individuals pursuing their own creative interests.
Power versus Liberty
For Karl Marx, meaningful freedom is only attainable in a communist society characterized by superabundance and free access. Such a social arrangement would eliminate the need for alienated labor and enable individuals to pursue their own creative interests, leaving them to develop and maximize their full potentialities. This goes alongside Marx's emphasis on the ability of socialism and communism progressively reducing the average length of the workday to expand the "realm of freedom", or discretionary free time, for each person. Some authors have suggested that a virtuous culture must exist as a prerequisite for liberty.
Benjamin Franklin stated that "only a virtuous people are capable of freedom. As nations become corrupt and vicious, they have more need of masters.
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It is wholly inadequate to the government of any other. In this the Indians agree with the Lacedaemonians. Yet the Lacedaemonians have Helots for slaves, who perform the duties of slaves; but the Indians have no slaves at all, much less is any Indian a slave. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Liberty disambiguation. History of liberalism Contributions to liberal theory. Democratic capitalism Liberal bias in academia. Libertarianism , Minarchism , Libertarian Socialism , and Anarcho-capitalism. Age of Enlightenment Aristotelianism Classical liberalism. Agorism Anarchism Anarcho-capitalism Autarchism Christian libertarianism Collectivist anarchism Consequentialist libertarianism Free-market anarchism Fusionism Geolibertarianism Georgism Green anarchism Green libertarianism Individualist anarchism Insurrectionary anarchism Left-libertarianism Left-wing market anarchism Libertarian communism Libertarian Marxism Libertarian socialism Libertarian transhumanism Minarchism Mutualism Natural-rights libertarianism Paleolibertarianism Panarchism Right-libertarianism Social anarchism Voluntaryism.
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Market socialism Lange model Mutualism. Socialist market economy Socialist-oriented market. First International International Workingmen's Association. World Federation of Democratic Youth. International Union of Socialist Youth. International Committee of the Fourth International.
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Ancient Greek Religion 2nd ed. Human Rights in the World: Human Rights and Asian Values. A history of India. Retrieved 17 August Retrieved 23 June On Liberty 2 ed. On Liberty 3 ed. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 16 August Summary of Give Us Liberty: Haidt, Jonathan 16 October Retrieved 17 March Formisano 4 April Reflections on the Revolution in France: Genuine freedom as Marx described it, would become possible only when life activity was no longer constrained by the requirements of production or by the limitations of material scarcity…Thus, in the socialist view, freedom is not an abstract ideal but a concrete situation that ensues only when certain conditions of interaction between man and nature material conditions , and man and other men social relations are fulfilled.
Socialists consider the pleasures of creation equal, if not superior, to those of acquisition and consumption, hence the importance of work in socialist society. This vision of 'creative man', Homo Faber, has consequences for their view of freedom Socialist freedom is the freedom to unfold and develop one's potential, especially through unalienated work. Affluence and increased provision of free goods would reduce alienation in the work process and, in combination with 1 , the alienation of man's 'species-life'.
Greater leisure would create opportunities for creative and artistic activity outside of work. Marxism, Morality, and Social Justice. Marx believed the reduction of necessary labor time to be, evaluatively speaking, an absolute necessity. He claims that real wealth is the developed productive force of all individuals.
It is no longer the labor time but the disposable time that is the measure of wealth. It would instead be a society in which individuals freely act as the truly human individuals they are. Marx's radical communism was, in this way, also radically individualistic. What is considered a human right is controversial and not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights. Cannabis rights Equality before the law Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention Freedom of assembly Freedom of association Freedom from cruel and unusual punishment Freedom from discrimination Freedom from exile Freedom of information Freedom of movement Freedom of religion Freedom from slavery Freedom of speech Freedom of thought Freedom from torture Legal aid Liberty LGBT rights Nationality Personhood Presumption of innocence Right of asylum Right to die Right to a fair trial Right to family life Right to keep and bear arms Right to life Right to petition Right to privacy Right to protest Right to refuse medical treatment Right of self-defense Security of person Universal suffrage.
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Civilian Combatant Freedom from genocide Prisoner of war Wartime sexual violence. Retrieved from " https: Views Read Edit View history. In other projects Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote. This page was last edited on 5 December , at By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Part of a series on. Schools History of liberalism Contributions to liberal theory. Related topics Democratic capitalism Liberal bias in academia. Liberalism portal Politics portal. Origins Age of Enlightenment Aristotelianism Classical liberalism. Schools Agorism Anarchism Anarcho-capitalism Autarchism Christian libertarianism Collectivist anarchism Consequentialist libertarianism Free-market anarchism Fusionism Geolibertarianism Georgism Green anarchism Green libertarianism Individualist anarchism Insurrectionary anarchism Left-libertarianism Left-wing market anarchism Libertarian communism Libertarian Marxism Libertarian socialism Libertarian transhumanism Minarchism Mutualism Natural-rights libertarianism Paleolibertarianism Panarchism Right-libertarianism Social anarchism Voluntaryism.
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Part of the Politics series on. Related topics Communitarianism Democracy Liberalism Monarchism. It pervades our political discourse and colors our readings of events from the confrontation at Waco to the Oklahoma City bombing to Congressional debate over how to spend the government surplus. While the rhetoric of both major political parties seems to posit a direct relationship between the size of our government and the scope of our political freedoms, the debates of Madison, Hamilton, Wilson, and Jefferson confound such simple dichotomies.
As Read concludes, the relation between power and liberty is inherently complex. Power versus Liberty provides fresh perspectives on the political thought of James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, James Wilson, and Thomas Jefferson, statesmen and theorists who played crucial roles in shaping the American experiment in republican government. Read shows how these revolutionaries struggled to reconcile tensions between liberty and power; his important book succeeds admirably in reconstructing a fascinating debate over fundamental questions that continue to command our attention.
Historians and theorists alike will gain much from Read's judicious and thoughtful analysis.
On Political Power and Personal Liberty in The Prince and The Discourses | Academic Commons
James Read in effect returns to the themes Bernard Bailyn put at the center of his classic study of the American Revolution and rescues them from the so-called Republican Synthesis. He extends Bailyn's analysis into the period of the early republic and shows how much insight the related themes of power and liberty can give when deployed by a deft hand. In these deft essays, James Read offers an astute introduction to the four leading original architects of the American constitutional tradition: Madison, Jefferson, Hamilton, and James Wilson.
Few writers have captured their essential ideas so concisely or appreciatively. John's University of Minnesota.