In , the districts of Eupen and Malmedy were transferred to Belgium, around 1 AD there were numerous incursions through Westphalia and perhaps even some permanent Roman or Romanized settlements. Charlemagne is thought to have spent considerable time in Paderborn and nearby parts and his Saxon Wars also partly took place in what is thought of as Westphalia today. Along with Eastphalia and Engern, Westphalia was originally a district of the Duchy of Saxony, in Westphalia was elevated to the rank of a duchy by Emperor Barbarossa.
The Duchy of Westphalia comprised only an area south of the Lippe River.
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In rural areas Northern Low Saxon, a dialect of Low German, and Saterland Frisian, a variety of Frisian, are still spoken, but the number of speakers is declining. Furthermore, the state of Bremen forms two enclaves within Lower Saxony, one being the city of Bremen, the other, its city of Bremerhaven. The northwestern area of Lower Saxony, which lies on the coast of the North Sea, is called East Frisia, in the extreme west of Lower Saxony is the Emsland, a traditionally poor and sparsely populated area, once dominated by inaccessible swamps.
The northern half of Lower Saxony, also known as the North German Plains, is almost invariably flat except for the hills around the Bremen geestland. Towards the south and southwest lie the northern parts of the German Central Uplands, the Weser Uplands, between these two lie the Lower Saxon Hills, a range of low ridges. Oldenburg, near the coastline, is another economic centre. Due to its local climate and fertile soil, it is the states largest area of fruit farming.
Most of the territory was part of the historic Kingdom of Hanover. It was created by the merger of the State of Hanover with several states in Lower Saxony has a boundary in the north in the North Sea. The state and city of Bremen is an enclave surrounded by Lower Saxony. Kranz — For the wreath used in heraldry, see torse. A wreath is an assortment of flowers, leaves, fruits, in English-speaking countries, wreaths are used typically as household ornaments, mainly as an Advent and Christmas decoration.
They are also used in events in many cultures around the globe. Wreaths have much history and symbolism associated with them and they are usually made from evergreens and symbolize strength, as evergreens last even throughout the harshest winters.
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Bay laurel may also be used, and these wreaths are known as laurel wreath, the word wreath comes from Middle English wrethe and from Old English writha, band. Wreaths were a used in ancient times in southern Europe. The most well-known are pieces of Etruscan civilization jewelry, made of gold or other precious metals, symbols from Greek myths often appear in the designs, embossed in precious metal at the ends of the wreath. Ancient Roman writers referred to Etruscan corona sutilis, which were wreaths with their leaves sewn onto a background and these wreaths resemble a diadem, with thin metal leaves being attached to an ornamental band.
Wreaths also appear stamped into Etruscan medallions, the plants shown making the wreaths in Etruscan jewelry include ivy, oak, olive leaves, myrtle, laurel, wheat and vines. Wreaths were worn as crowns by Etruscan rulers, the Etruscan symbolism continued to be used in Ancient Greece and Rome. Roman magistrates also wore golden wreaths as crowns, as a testament to their lineage back to Romes early Etruscan rulers. Roman magistrates also used several other prominent Etruscan symbols in addition to a golden crown, fasces, a curule chair, a purple toga.
When he pursued her she fled and asked the river god Peneus to help her, Peneus turned her into a laurel tree. From that day, Apollo wore a wreath of laurel on his head, Laurel wreaths were used to crown victorious athletes at the original Olympic Games and are still worn in Italy by university students who just graduated.
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Other types of plants used to make wreath crowns also had symbolic meaning, for example, oak leaves symbolized wisdom, and were associated with Zeus, who according to Greek mythology made his decisions while resting in an oak grove. The Twelve Tables, dating to BC, refer to funeral wreaths as a long-standing tradition, olive wreath was the prize for the winner at the ancient Olympic Games.
Faltschachtel — Cardboard boxes are industrially prefabricated boxes, primarily used for packaging goods and materials. Specialists in industry seldom use the term cardboard because it does not denote a specific material, the term cardboard may refer to a variety of heavy paper-like materials, including card stock, corrugated fiberboard, or paperboard. The meaning of the term may depend on the locale, contents, construction, there is still not complete and uniform usage.
It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags, or grasses, paperboard, sometimes known as cardboard, is generally thicker than paper. Paperboard can be single- or multi-ply, Corrugated fiberboard sometimes known as corrugated board or corrugated cardboard, is a combined paper-based material consisting of a fluted corrugated medium and one or two flat liner boards.
- Inhaltsverzeichnis?
- Meaning of "Glückwunschkarte" in the German dictionary.
- Der von Philipp de Galle signierte Kupferstich nach Pieter Bruegel dem Älteren: Triumph der Zeit oder Saturns (German Edition).
- Synonyms and antonyms of Glückwunschkarte in the German dictionary of synonyms!
- I Am A Jelly Doughnut!
There are also names for containers, A shipping container made of corrugated fiberboard is sometimes called a cardboard box. There are many options for corrugated box design, a folding carton made of paperboard is sometimes called a cardboard box. A set-up box is made of a grade of paperboard and is sometimes called a cardboard box. Drink boxes made of paperboard laminates, are sometimes called cardboard boxes, cartons, the first commercial paperboard box is sometimes credited to the firm M.
Cardboard box packaging was made the year in Germany. The Scottish-born Robert Gair invented the pre-cut cardboard or paperboard box in — flat pieces manufactured in bulk that folded into boxes, Gair discovered that by cutting and creasing in one operation he could make prefabricated paperboard boxes. Applying this idea to corrugated boxboard was a development when the material became available around the turn of the twentieth century.
The advent of lightweight flaked cereals increased the use of cardboard boxes, the first to use cardboard boxes as cereal cartons was the Kellogg Company.
Corrugated paper was patented in England in , and used as a liner for tall hats, the patent was issued to Albert Jones of New York City for single-sided corrugated board. Jones used the board for wrapping bottles and glass lantern chimneys. This was corrugated cardboard as we know it today, the first corrugated cardboard box manufactured in the US was in Tradition — A tradition is a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance with origins in the past.
Common examples include holidays or impractical but socially meaningful clothes, there are about new traditions made each year. Traditions can persist and evolve for thousands of years—the word tradition itself derives from the Latin tradere or traderer literally meaning to transmit, to hand over, to give for safekeeping.
While it is assumed that traditions have ancient history, many traditions have been invented on purpose, whether that be political or cultural. Various academic disciplines also use the word in a variety of ways, one way tradition is used more simply, often in academic work but elsewhere also, is to indicate the quality of a piece of information being discussed. For example, According to tradition, Homer was born on Chios and this tradition may never be proven or disproven. In another example, King Arthur, by tradition a true British king, has inspired many well loved stories, of course whether they are documented fact or not does not decrease their value as cultural history and literature.
Aside from this use in describing the quality of information, various scholarly fields define the term differently, for example, anthropology and biology have each defined tradition it more precisely than in conventional, as described below, in order to facilitate scholarly discourse. The concept of tradition, as the notion of holding on to a time, is also found in political and philosophical discourse. For example, it is the basis of the concept of traditionalism. In artistic contexts, tradition is used to decide the correct display of an art form, for example, in the performance of traditional genres, adherence to guidelines dictating how an art form should be composed are given greater importance than the performers own preferences.
A number of factors can exacerbate the loss of tradition, including industrialization, globalization, in response to this, tradition-preservation attempts have now been started in many countries around the world, focusing on aspects such as traditional languages.
Tradition is usually contrasted with the goal of modernity and should be differentiated from customs, conventions, laws, norms, routines, rules and similar concepts. Skip to main content. Add to Watch list.
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