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The Hospital by Brendan O'Connell. This story is about my time in hospital, and let me tell you; it was the only time in my life that I was ever utterly and unbelievably scared. And the terrifying part of it was; in a hospital at night, no one can hear you scream. Published first published November 5th To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up.
The Hospital
To ask other readers questions about The Hospital , please sign up. Lists with This Book. This book is not yet featured on Listopia. Percy returned with promises of support for the Catholics, and Northumberland believed that James would go so far as to allow Mass in private houses, so as not to cause public offence. Percy, keen to improve his standing, went further, claiming that the future King would guarantee the safety of English Catholics. By coincidence, and ignorant of the plot, Father John Gerard a friend of Catesby's was celebrating Mass in another room, and the five men subsequently received the Eucharist.
Following their oath, the plotters left London and returned to their homes. The adjournment of Parliament gave them, they thought, until February to finalise their plans. This role gave Percy reason to seek a base in London, and a small property near the Prince's Chamber owned by Henry Ferrers, a tenant of John Whynniard, was chosen. Percy arranged for the use of the house through Northumberland's agents, Dudley Carleton and John Hippisley. Fawkes, using the pseudonym "John Johnson", took charge of the building, posing as Percy's servant.
The conspirators returned to London in October , when Robert Keyes , a "desperate man, ruined and indebted", was admitted to the group. Keyes's family had notable connections; his wife's employer was the Catholic Lord Mordaunt. Tall, with a red beard, he was seen as trustworthy and, like Fawkes, capable of looking after himself.
In December [h] Catesby recruited his servant, Thomas Bates , into the plot, [55] after the latter accidentally became aware of it. The contemporaneous account of the prosecution claimed that during this delay the conspirators were digging a tunnel beneath Parliament. This may have been a government fabrication, as no evidence for the existence of a tunnel was presented by the prosecution, and no trace of one has ever been found.
The account of a tunnel comes directly from Thomas Wintour's confession, [43] and Guy Fawkes did not admit the existence of such a scheme until his fifth interrogation. Logistically, digging a tunnel would have proved extremely difficult, especially as none of the conspirators had any experience of mining. They ceased their efforts when, during tunnelling, they heard a noise from above. The noise turned out to be the then-tenant's widow, who was clearing out the undercroft directly beneath the House of Lords—the room where the plotters eventually stored the gunpowder.
The additions of Wintour and Wright were obvious choices. Along with a small fortune, Robert Wintour inherited Huddington Court a known refuge for priests near Worcester , and was reputedly a generous and well-liked man. A devout Catholic, he married Gertrude Talbot , who was from a family of recusants.
Gunpowder Plot - Wikipedia
Reputed to be an intelligent, thoughtful man, he sheltered Catholics at his home at Snitterfield , and was another who had been involved in the Essex revolt of The Palace of Westminster in the early 17th century was a warren of buildings clustered around the medieval chambers, chapels, and halls of the former royal palace that housed both Parliament and the various royal law courts.
The old palace was easily accessible; merchants, lawyers, and others lived and worked in the lodgings, shops and taverns within its precincts. Whynniard's building was along a right-angle to the House of Lords, alongside a passageway called Parliament Place, which itself led to Parliament Stairs and the River Thames. Undercrofts were common features at the time, used to house a variety of materials including food and firewood. Whynniard's undercroft, on the ground floor, was directly beneath the first-floor House of Lords, and may once have been part of the palace's medieval kitchen.
Unused and filthy, its location was ideal for what the group planned to do. In the second week of June Catesby met in London the principal Jesuit in England, Father Henry Garnet , and asked him about the morality of entering into an undertaking which might involve the destruction of the innocent, together with the guilty.
Garnet answered that such actions could often be excused, but according to his own account later admonished Catesby during a second meeting in July in Essex, showing him a letter from the pope which forbade rebellion. Soon after, the Jesuit priest Oswald Tesimond told Garnet he had taken Catesby's confession, [i] in the course of which he had learnt of the plot.
He also told Acquaviva that "there is a risk that some private endeavour may commit treason or use force against the King", and urged the pope to issue a public brief against the use of force. The supply of gunpowder was theoretically controlled by the government, but it was easily obtained from illicit sources.
Fawkes left the country for a short time. The King, meanwhile, spent much of the summer away from the city, hunting.
He stayed wherever was convenient, including on occasion at the houses of prominent Catholics. Garnet, convinced that the threat of an uprising had receded, travelled the country on a pilgrimage. It is uncertain when Fawkes returned to England, but he was back in London by late August, when he and Wintour discovered that the gunpowder stored in the undercroft had decayed. More gunpowder was brought into the room, along with firewood to conceal it. Rookwood was a young man with recusant connections, whose stable of horses at Coldham Hall in Stanningfield , Suffolk was an important factor in his enlistment.
His parents, Robert Rookwood and Dorothea Drury , were wealthy landowners, and had educated their son at a Jesuit school near Calais. Everard Digby was a young man who was generally well liked, and lived at Gayhurst House in Buckinghamshire. He had been knighted by the King in April , and was converted to Catholicism by Gerard. Digby and his wife, Mary Mulshaw , had accompanied the priest on his pilgrimage, and the two men were reportedly close friends. Digby was asked by Catesby to rent Coughton Court near Alcester. Catesby and Tresham met at the home of Tresham's brother-in-law and cousin, Lord Stourton.
In his confession, Tresham claimed that he had asked Catesby if the plot would damn their souls, to which Catesby had replied it would not, and that the plight of England's Catholics required that it be done. The details of the plot were finalised in October, in a series of taverns across London and Daventry. Fawkes would leave for the continent, to explain events in England to the European Catholic powers.
The wives of those involved and Anne Vaux a friend of Garnet who often shielded priests at her home became increasingly concerned by what they suspected was about to happen. Keyes suggested warning Lord Mordaunt, his wife's employer, to derision from Catesby. Having broken the seal, he handed the letter to a servant who read it aloud:. My Lord, out of the love I bear to some of your friends, I have a care of your preservation. Therefore I would advise you, as you tender your life, to devise some excuse to shift your attendance at this parliament; for God and man hath concurred to punish the wickedness of this time.
And think not slightly of this advertisement, but retire yourself into your country where you may expect the event in safety. For though there be no appearance of any stir, yet I say they shall receive a terrible blow this Parliament; and yet they shall not see who hurts them. This counsel is not to be condemned because it may do you good and can do you no harm; for the danger is passed as soon as you have burnt the letter.
And I hope God will give you the grace to make good use of it, to whose holy protection I commend you. Uncertain of the letter's meaning, Monteagle promptly rode to Whitehall and handed it to Cecil then Earl of Salisbury. Monteagle's servant, Thomas Ward, had family connections with the Wright brothers, and sent a message to Catesby about the betrayal.
Catesby, who had been due to go hunting with the King, suspected that Tresham was responsible for the letter, and with Thomas Wintour confronted the recently recruited conspirator. Tresham managed to convince the pair that he had not written the letter, but urged them to abandon the plot. He therefore elected to wait, to see how events unfolded. The letter was shown to the King on Friday 1 November following his arrival back in London.
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Upon reading it, James immediately seized upon the word "blow" and felt that it hinted at "some strategem of fire and powder", [90] perhaps an explosion exceeding in violence the one that killed his father, Lord Darnley , at Kirk o' Field in Percy returned to London and assured Wintour, John Wright, and Robert Keyes that they had nothing to be concerned about, and returned to his lodgings on Gray's Inn Road. Fawkes visited Keyes, and was given a pocket watch left by Percy, to time the fuse, and an hour later Rookwood received several engraved swords from a local cutler.
They found a large pile of firewood in the undercroft beneath the House of Lords, accompanied by what they presumed to be a serving man Fawkes , who told them that the firewood belonged to his master, Thomas Percy.
They left to report their findings, at which time Fawkes also left the building. The mention of Percy's name aroused further suspicion as he was already known to the authorities as a Catholic agitator. The King insisted that a more thorough search be undertaken. Late that night, the search party, headed by Thomas Knyvet , returned to the undercroft. They again found Fawkes, dressed in a cloak and hat, and wearing boots and spurs. He was arrested, whereupon he gave his name as John Johnson.
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He was carrying a lantern now held in the Ashmolean Museum , Oxford , [96] and a search of his person revealed a pocket watch, several slow matches and touchwood. As news of "John Johnson's" arrest spread among the plotters still in London, most fled northwest, along Watling Street.
Christopher Wright and Thomas Percy left together. Reunited, the group continued northwest to Dunchurch , using horses provided by Digby. Keyes went to Mordaunt's house at Drayton. Meanwhile, Thomas Wintour stayed in London, and even went to Westminster to see what was happening.
When he realised the plot had been uncovered, he took his horse and made for his sister's house at Norbrook , before continuing to Huddington Court. They then continued on to Dunchurch, and met with Digby. Catesby convinced him that despite the plot's failure, an armed struggle was still a real possibility. He announced to Digby's "hunting party" that the King and Salisbury were dead, before the fugitives moved west to Warwick.
In London, news of the plot was spreading, and the authorities set extra guards on the city gates , closed the ports, and protected the house of the Spanish Ambassador, which was surrounded by an angry mob. An arrest warrant was issued against Thomas Percy, and his patron, the Earl of Northumberland, was placed under house arrest. A letter to Guy Fawkes was discovered on his person, but he claimed that name was one of his aliases. Far from denying his intentions, "Johnson" stated that it had been his purpose to destroy the King and Parliament. His unwillingness to yield so impressed the King that he described him as possessing "a Roman resolution".
By the evening he had learned the names of several of those involved in the conspiracy: From there they continued their journey to Huddington. Bates left the group and travelled to Coughton Court to deliver a letter from Catesby, to Father Garnet and the other priests, informing them of what had transpired, and asking for their help in raising an army. Garnet replied by begging Catesby and his followers to stop their "wicked actions", before himself fleeing. Several priests set out for Warwick, worried about the fate of their colleagues. They were caught, and then imprisoned in London.
Catesby and the others arrived at Huddington early in the afternoon, and were met by Thomas Wintour. They received practically no support or sympathy from those they met, including family members, who were terrified at the prospect of being associated with treason. They continued on to Holbeche House on the border of Staffordshire , the home of Stephen Littleton, a member of their ever-decreasing band of followers.
Tired and desperate, they spread out some of the now-soaked gunpowder in front of the fire, to dry out. Although gunpowder does not explode unless physically contained, a spark from the fire landed on the powder and the resultant flames engulfed Catesby, Rookwood, Grant, and a man named Morgan a member of the hunting party. Thomas Wintour and Littleton, on their way from Huddington to Holbeche House, were told by a messenger that Catesby had died.
At that point, Littleton left, but Thomas arrived at the house to find Catesby alive, albeit scorched. John Grant was not so lucky, and had been blinded by the fire. Of the plotters, only the singed figures of Catesby and Grant, and the Wright brothers, Rookwood, and Percy, remained. The fugitives resolved to stay in the house and wait for the arrival of the King's men. Thomas Wintour was hit in the shoulder while crossing the courtyard. John Wright was shot, followed by his brother, and then Rookwood. Catesby and Percy were reportedly killed by a single lucky shot.
The attackers rushed the property, and stripped the dead or dying defenders of their clothing. Grant, Morgan, Rookwood, and Wintour were arrested. Bates and Keyes were captured shortly after Holbeche House was taken. Digby, who had intended to give himself up, was caught by a small group of pursuers. Montague, Mordaunt, and Stourton Tresham's brother-in-law were also imprisoned in the Tower. The home of Anne Vaux at Enfield Chase was searched, revealing the presence of trap doors and hidden passages.
A terrified servant then revealed that Garnet, who had often stayed at the house, had recently given a Mass there. Elizabeth was taken to London for interrogation. There she was resolute; she had never been aware that Gerard was a priest, she had presumed he was a "Catholic gentleman", and she did not know of his whereabouts. The homes of the conspirators were searched, and looted; Mary Digby's household was ransacked, and she was made destitute.
The foiling of the Gunpowder Plot initiated a wave of national relief at the delivery of the King and his sons, and inspired in the ensuing parliament a mood of loyalty and goodwill, which Salisbury astutely exploited to extract higher subsidies for the King than any bar one granted in Elizabeth's reign. Paul's Cross, in which he condemned the plot. He insisted that the plot had been the work of only a few Catholics, not of the English Catholics as a whole, [q] and he reminded the assembly to rejoice at his survival, since kings were divinely appointed and he owed his escape to a miracle.
The foreign powers largely distanced themselves from the plotters, calling them atheists and Protestant heretics. Sir Edward Coke was in charge of the interrogations. Over a period of about ten weeks, in the Lieutenant's Lodgings at the Tower of London now known as the Queen's House he questioned those who had been implicated in the plot.
For the first round of interrogations, no real proof exists that these people were tortured, although on several occasions Salisbury certainly suggested that they should be. Coke later revealed that the threat of torture was in most cases enough to elicit a confession from those caught up in the aftermath of the plot. Only two confessions were printed in full: Having been involved in the conspiracy from the start unlike Fawkes , Wintour was able to give extremely valuable information to the Privy Council. The handwriting on his testimony is almost certainly that of the man himself, but his signature was markedly different.
Wintour had previously only ever signed his name as such, but his confession is signed "Winter", and since he had been shot in the shoulder, the steady hand used to write the signature may indicate some measure of government interference—or it may indicate that writing a shorter version of his name was less painful.
Both were published in the so-called King's Book , a hastily written official account of the conspiracy published in late November Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, was in a difficult position. The Privy Council suspected that Northumberland would have been Princess Elizabeth's protector had the plot succeeded, but there was insufficient evidence to convict him. They were condemned to imprisonment in the Tower, where they remained until , when they were transferred to the Fleet Prison.
Both were also given significant fines. Several other people not involved in the conspiracy, but known or related to the conspirators, were also questioned. Northumberland's brothers, Sir Allen and Sir Josceline, were arrested. Salisbury believed his story, and authorised his release. Bates had been present at most of the conspirators' meetings, and under interrogation he implicated Father Tesimond in the plot. Bates also told his interrogators of his ride with Tesimond to Huddington, before the priest left him to head for the Habingtons at Hindlip Hall, and of a meeting between Garnet, Gerard, and Tesimond in October At about the same time in December, Tresham's health began to deteriorate.
Gunpowder Plot
He was visited regularly by his wife, a nurse, and his servant William Vavasour, who documented his strangury. Before he died Tresham had also told of Garnet's involvement with the mission to Spain, but in his last hours he retracted some of these statements. Nowhere in his confession did he mention the Monteagle letter. Nevertheless he was attainted along with the other plotters, his head was set on a pike either at Northampton or London Bridge, and his estates confiscated. Tesimond and Gerard [] managed to escape the country and live out their days in freedom; Garnet was not so lucky.
Their hiding place at Hagley , the home of Humphrey Littleton brother of MP John Littleton , imprisoned for treason in for his part in the Essex revolt [] was betrayed by a cook, who grew suspicious of the amount of food sent up for his master's consumption. Humphrey denied the presence of the two fugitives, but another servant led the authorities to their hiding place.
Despite Thomas Habington's protests, the men spent the next four days searching the house. Humphrey Littleton, who had escaped from the authorities at Hagley, got as far as Prestwood in Staffordshire before he was captured. He was imprisoned, and then condemned to death at Worcester.
Worn down by hiding for so long, Garnet, accompanied by another priest, emerged from his priest hole the next day. By coincidence, on the same day that Garnet was found, the surviving conspirators were arraigned in Westminster Hall. Seven of the prisoners were taken from the Tower to the Star Chamber by barge. Bates, who was considered lower class, was brought from the Gatehouse Prison.
Some of the prisoners were reportedly despondent, but others were nonchalant, even smoking tobacco.