Policies & Plans
In the street Renzo announces loudly that he is being punished for his heroism the day before and, with the aid of sympathetic onlookers, he effects his escape. Leaving the city by the same gate through which he entered, he sets off for Bergamo , knowing that his cousin Bortolo lives in a village nearby. Once there, he will be beyond the reach of the authorities of Milan under Spanish domination , as Bergamo is territory of the Most Serene Republic of Venice.
At an inn in Gorgonzola , he overhears a conversation which makes it clear to him how much trouble he is in and so he walks all night until he reaches the River Adda. After a short sleep in a hut, he crosses the river at dawn in the boat of a fisherman and makes his way to his cousin's house, where he is welcomed as a silk-weaver under the pseudonym of Antonio Rivolta. The same day, orders for Renzo's arrest reach the town of Lecco , to the delight of Don Rodrigo. News of Renzo's disgrace comes to the convent, but later Lucia is informed that Renzo is safe with his cousin.
Their reassurance is short-lived: In fact, this has been engineered by Don Rodrigo and Count Attilio, who have leaned on a mutual uncle of the Secret Council, who has leaned on the Father Provincial. Meanwhile, Don Rodrigo has organised a plot to kidnap Lucia from the convent. This involves a great robber baron whose name has not been recorded, and who hence is called l'Innominato , the Unnamed. Gertrude, blackmailed by Egidio, a neighbour acquaintance of l'Innominato and Gertrude's lover , persuades Lucia to run an errand which will take her outside the convent for a short while.
In the street Lucia is seized and bundled into a coach. After a nightmarish journey, Lucia arrives at the castle of the Unnamed, where she is locked in a chamber. The Unnamed is troubled by the sight of her, and spends a horrible night in which memories of his past and the uncertainty of his future almost drive him to suicide. Meanwhile, Lucia spends a similarly restless night, during which she vows to take the veil if she is delivered from her predicament. Towards the morning, on looking out of his window, the Unnamed sees throngs of people walking past.
On impulse, the Unnamed leaves his castle in order to meet this man. This meeting prompts a miraculous conversion which marks the turning-point of the novel. The Unnamed announces to his men that his reign of terror is over.
Italian Studies in Southern Africa/Studi d'Italianistica nell'Africa Australe
He decides to take Lucia back to her native land under his own protection, and with the help of the archbishop the deed is done. The astonishing course of events leads to an atmosphere in which Don Rodrigo can be defied openly and his fortunes take a turn for the worse. Don Abbondio is reprimanded by the archbishop. Lucia, miserable about her vow to renounce Renzo, still frets about him. He is now the subject of diplomatic conflict between Milan and Bergamo.
Her life is not improved when a wealthy busybody, Donna Prassede, insists on taking her into her household and admonishing her for getting mixed up with a good-for-nothing like Renzo. The government of Milan is unable to keep bread prices down by decree and the city is swamped by beggars. The lazzaretto is filled with the hungry and sick. Meanwhile, the Thirty Years' War brings more calamities.
The last three dukes of the house of Gonzaga die without legitimate heirs sparking a war for control of northern Italy, with France and the Holy Roman Empire backing rival claimants.
Agnese, Don Abbondio and Perpetua take refuge in the well-defended territory of the Unnamed. In their absence, their village is wrecked by the mercenaries. These chapters are occupied with an account of the plague of , largely based on Giuseppe Ripamonti 's De peste quae fuit anno published in Manzoni's full version of this, Storia della Colonna Infame , was finished in , but was not published until it was included as an appendix to the revised edition of The end of August sees the death in Milan of the original villains of the story.
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Renzo, troubled by Agnese's letters and recovering from plague, returns to his native village to find that many of the inhabitants are dead and that his house and vineyard have been destroyed. The warrant, and Don Rodrigo, are forgotten. Tonio tells him that Lucia is in Milan. On his arrival in Milan, Renzo is astonished at the state of the city. His highland clothes invite suspicion that he is an "anointer"; that is, a foreign agent deliberately spreading plague in some way.
He learns that Lucia is now languishing at the Lazzaretto of Milan , along with 16, other victims of the plague. But in fact, Lucia is already recuperating. The friar absolves her of her vow of celibacy. Renzo walks through a rainstorm to see Agnese at the village of Pasturo. When they all return to their native village, Lucia and Renzo are finally married by Don Abbondio and the couple make a fresh start at a silk-mill at the gates of Bergamo. The novel is commonly described as "the most widely read work in the Italian language.
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Many Italians believe that the novel is not fully appreciated abroad. Many expressions, quotes and names from the novel are still commonly used in Italian, such as Perpetua meaning a priest's house worker or Questo matrimonio non s'ha da fare "This marriage is not to be performed", used ironically. The novel is not only about love and power: The chapters , about the famine and the plague, are a powerful picture of material and moral devastation. Manzoni does not offer simple answers but leaves those questions open for the reader to meditate on. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Manzoni and his Times.
The Exemplary History of a Film Company of the s". Archived from the original on 28 June Retrieved 15 January Archived from the original on 30 May Retrieved 16 July It is also printed in Melchiorre Gioia's Economia e Statistica. For the equal right to dare to do anything [a reference to Horace 's Ars Poetica , v.
Saggio sui Promessi Sposi , Einaudi, Torino, Paperback , pages. Published December by Zanichelli first published To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about I Promessi sposi e Storia della colonna infame , please sign up. Be the first to ask a question about I Promessi sposi e Storia della colonna infame.
Lists with This Book. Eleonora rated it did not like it May 20, Emma rated it did not like it Mar 16, There are no discussion topics on this book yet. Videos About This Book. Alessandro Francesco Tommaso Manzoni was an Italian poet and novelist. He is famous for the novel The Betrothed Italian: I Promessi Sposi , generally ranked among the masterpieces of world literature.
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The novel is also a symbol of the Italian Risorgimento, both for its patriotic message and because it was a fundamental milestone in the development of the modern, unified Italian language.